Hermann brxngger



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. BRUNGGER.

PROCESS OF LINING DIGESTBRS. No. 483,826. Patented Oct. 4, 1892.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H.' BRUNGGER. PROCESS OF LINING DIGESTERS.

No. 483,826. 9 Patented Oct. 4; 1892. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IIERMANN BRIINGGER, OF OUNNERSDORF, ASSIGNOR TO FERDINAND SALOMON, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

PROCESS OF LINING' DIGESTERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 483,826, dated October 4, 1892.

Application filed April 26, 1890. Serial No. 349,621. (No specimens.) Patentedin England September 1'7, 1888, Ila-13,396, and December 10, 1888, No. 18,003,- in Norway September 17, 1888, No. 1.087: in France October 19, 1888 No. 193,6371'i11 Belgium November 5, 1888, No. 88,841, and December 1, 1888, No- 84,140; in Germany November 7, 1888, No. 50,789, and

in Switzerland February 5, 1889, N0. 398.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMANN Bniineonn, a citizen of Switzerland, residing at Gunnersdorf, in the district of Liegnitz, German Empire, have invented a certain new and useful Process of Lining Digesters, (for which I have obtained a patent in Switzerland, dated February 5, 1889, No. 398, and for which I have obtained patents in conjunction with Ferdinand Salomon, LL. D. and manufacturer, a subject of the King of Prussia, rcsiding at 59 Mohrenstrasse, Berlin, who is interested in said invention with me in the following countries, to wit: Great Britain, September 17, 1888, No. 13,396, and December 10, 1888, No. 18,003; Norway, September 17, 1888, No. 1,087; France, October 19, 1888, No. 193,637 Germany, November 7, 1888, No. 50,789, and in Belgium November 5, 1888, No. 83,841, and December 1,1888, No. 84:,1409 and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal axial section of a revoluble jacketed boiler. Fig. 2 is a like View of a boiler inclosed within a heaterchamber, and Fig. 3 is a vertical axial section of a stationary boiler inclosed within a heaterchamber.

The invention has for its object to provide digesters or boilers with a lining that is insoluble in the fluid with which such digesters or boilers are or may be charged-as, for instance, in that class of digesters or boilers employed in the disintegration of fibrous materials by the sulphite process-or other processes in which solutions are employed that have a deleterious or corrosive effect upon the metallic surfaces of the digester or boiler 45 brought in contact therewith.

" In an application for patent of even date withthis, Serial No. 349,623, I have described and claimed a boiler or digester provided with a lining insoluble in the solution from which such lining is formed, and I do not desire to claim this herein.

In my application for Letters Patent of the United States of even date with this, Serial No. 19,622, I have described a process or method of providing a lining insoluble in sulphite solutions by means of the solution itself; but such lining may be formed in boilers or digesters used in conjunction with other fluids or solutions which may have a deleterious action upon the metallic surfaces thereof, such linings being likewise formed by means of a solution of a salt or salts that when precipitated or separated from their solution will be insoluble in the fluid or solution used in the boiler, and thereby protect such boiler against the corrosive action of such fluid or solution.

To these ends the invention consists in the mode or process of forming such linings, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and as set forth in the claim.

In carrying out my invention various salts or combinations of salts may be employed from the solution of which the boiler-lining may be produced by decomposition or partial decomposition of the solution or by separation in conjunction with heat to form a hard incrustation. Thus, for instance, linings of a more or less strong nature may be produced from solutions of sulphate of calcium, barium 8o sulphite, or sulphite of strontium and similarly of other salts soluble in water that will separate or precipitate from their solutions by decomposition or partial decomposition of the latter or simply by separation, so that boilers or digesters may be provided with a lining that may be insoluble in the solution of the salt from which such lining has been derived or insoluble in some other fluid or chemical solution that would act corrosively 0 upon bare boiler-walls.

I am not able at the present time to positively determine the reactions that take place or may take place under the influence of heat upon any particular salt or combination of salts; but from experiments made with some of the salts of the alkaline earths I may state that in the case of a bisulphite, as of a bisulphite of calcium, the salt is converted into a monosulphite which by the further action of the heat is decomposed into calcic sulphate and sulphide with evolution of water, sulphurous oxide, and sulphur, which calcic sulphate and sulphide with some of the monosulphite that remains undecomposed are insoluble in the bisulphite solution. Such linings may also be produced from a barium or strontium sulphite, in fact from any salt or salts that are more or less soluble in water and which can be separated therefrom by the agency of heat to form a lining to protect the boiler or di gester provided therewith against the deleterious action of afluid. Such linings may also be obtained from a calcium-sulphate solution, such sulphate being sufficiently soluble in water, especially when obtained by neutralizing a weak solution of sulphuric acid with carbonate of lime. In the use of a calcium sulphite or bisulphite or'of a barium or strontium bisulphite or of calcium sulphate thelining obtained is enamel-like, hard, compact, and adheres to the boiler-walls with exceeding tenacity, and should such lining crackor fissure from any cause it can be readily repaired by deposition from a solution of asalt or salts, from which such lining has originally been produced. The degree of saturation of the solution is, so far as I have been able to determine, immaterial, as the separation of the salt from its solution will take place under the influence of heat, whether the soludigester or Whether the walls of the latter in contact with the solution are heated after the introduction of the solution.

In Fig. 1 I have shown a convenient means for heating the solution in the digester or boiler with a view to its decomposition or partial decomposition to separate the salt there from and produce or form a crust or lining within the boiler. In this construction the boiler A is provided with an inclosing jacket B, such boiler being revoluble on journals or trunnions A Airespectively, said boiler revolving on rolling bearings E. As shown, the journal or trunnion A has'an axial stem at so constructed as to leave an annular space around it for a stuffing-box gland a said axial stem having two passages 1 and 2. The passage 1 is connected with a suitable steam generator or superheater or steam-reservoir and communicates at its inner end with an annular passage 3, that opens into the boilerjacket B. To the outer end of the passage 2 is connected a valve L and to the inner end of such passage a pipe K, that extends into proximity to the inner wall of the boiler and terminates in a bent portion 70. This pipe and the valved passage perform the function of a valved vent, whereby the vapors or gases boiler for whatever connected with a pipe F secured in the bore of the tubular journalA through which the steam admitted to the jacket B is allowed to escape.

Instead of providing the boiler with a heating-jacket, such boiler may be contained in a heating-chamber constructed of masonry, as

shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and, if desired, a reservoir J for the salt solution may be arranged within the heating-chamber and connected with the boiler, a suitable check-valve V being interposed in such connection, anda pressure regulating valve V may be interposed in the supply-pipe of the reservoir-J, as shown in Fig. 3, for'obvious purposes.

In either of the described arrangements or constructions-of boiler the jacket or heatingchamber serves, also, to heat the fluid in the purpose such fluid may be used-as,for instance, the sulphite solution in the process of disintegrating fibrous materialsand in the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 either the solution of the salts for forming the incrustated lining in the boiler or the fluid or solution subsequently used in the boiler can be kept at a proper temperature, so that a saving of fuel is eifected.

In Figs. 2 and 3 the arrows a and a, indicate, respectively, the admission and escape of the heating medium, such as heated air or air and other gases. tion is introduced into a preheated boiler or When theboiler is revoluble, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, it is not necessary to completely fill it with the solution of a salt in order to form a protective lining for such boiler by the decomposition or partial decomposition of the solution, since the entire interior surface of the boiler will come in contact with the solution duringthe rotation of such boiler. When, however, the boiler is a stationary one, whether horizontal or vertical, then it becomes necessary to completely fill such boiler with the'saltsolution, as will be readily understood.

The degree to which the boiler-walls in contact with the solution are heated will vary according to the nature of the solution. 111 the case of a solution of salt of the alkaline earths the temperature may range from about 100 centigrade upward.

It is obvious that by means of the described process the usual expensive linings for the digestersor boilers may be entirely or par tially dispensed with, which hasheretofore not been the case.

The advantages of the described process over the usual mode of lining such boilers with lead or other material will be readily understood.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, gester to form a coating or lining insoluble in isthe solution used, substantially as set forth. to

The herein-described process of forming on In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the interior surface of boilers or digesters a presence of two Witnesses.

5 protective coating or lining, which consistsin HERMANN BRl INGGER.

separating a salt from a suitable solution by Witnesses: the agency of heat and depositing the same J. J. KENNEDY,

upon the interior surface of the boiler or di- THOS. I-I. SAVERY. 

